At the moment, the S&P 500 has declined as much as 4% from its previous peak. It’s important to keep this in perspective since the stock market naturally experiences swings on a regular basis. How we react to temporary declines can have a big impact on long-term financial success.
Here are some key facts to keep in mind:
- History shows that pullbacks are completely normal. The S&P 500 has experienced an average of 4.6 pullbacks of 5% or more per year since 1980, yet the market has delivered positive annual returns in the majority of years. For example, in 2025 the S&P 500 returned 18% for the full year even though it fell around 19% immediately after the April tariff announcement.
- Some investors may be tempted to try to time the market around pullbacks. The challenge is that positive days tend to occur soon after negative days, making it very hard to time things perfectly. History shows that staying invested over these periods would often have been the better approach.
- On the flip side, waiting for a big pullback before investing can be costly as well. Based on data since 1927, waiting for a single-day decline of -5% means sitting on the sidelines an average of 303 days while missing an average return of 13.8%.
The included chart shows the effect of trying to time the market. Missing even a few of the best market days would have been counterproductive.
Ultimately, pullbacks are a natural part of investing, and maintaining a long-term perspective, rather than reacting to short-term market moves, has historically been the most effective approach to building wealth over time.
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